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Mental Illnesses are Brain Illnesses – Bryan Crousore

The brain is an organ of the body, and just as any other organ of the body can get sick or be injured, so, too, can the brain.

There are many illnesses that damage the brain and cause great suffering and premature death. A few of them are: Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy and other seizure disorders, tumors, stroke, and traumatic injury. As a church, we have great sympathy for the persons who suffer from these illnesses. We pray for them, and we provide caring presence with them and those who care about them. We understand that their illnesses originate in the brain and are not illnesses that persons bring upon themselves. We do not expect persons to cure their illnesses by willpower or, by changing their thoughts.

Yet there is another set of brain illnesses that are as common as those listed above but about which there is not the same level of understanding and compassion. These illnesses have commonly been called “mental illnesses.” Persons who suffer from these illnesses suffer not, only from the effects of the illnesses themselves, but also from misconceptions about their illnesses, social stigma, isolation discrimination, and punishment–simply because they have an illness.

Hence, we have the Mental Illness Network, UCC. Those of us in the network do not for a moment minimize the devastation and suffering caused by other brain illnesses. But we do believe that those with a mental illness who are our family members, our neighbors and friends, the person in the pew next to us, the pastor at the altar-and we ourselves- and we ourselves suffer greatly and need the special understanding, attention, and compassion of the United Church of Christ. It is to that understanding, attention, and compassion that we who are the network call the whole UCC.

What Are the Brain Illnesses That Are Called Mental Illnesses?



While there are many illnesses that affect the brain or cause symptoms in other parts of the body because of malfunctions in the brain, the Mental. Illness Network, UCC, is especially concerned about five serious brain illness that have traditionally been called mental illnesses. They have been so named because their symptoms are cognitive emotional, relational, or behavioral. While we in the network are very aware of childhood brain illnesses, degenerative illnesses, dementias, developmental disabilities, palsies, and other illnesses of the brain, we have focused our attention on the following five illnesses because of the misunderstanding and discrimination that exist around these illnesses. Anxiety and Panic Disorder. Sufferers of anxiety disorder experience “pathological doubt” compounded by obsessive, negative thoughts and, sometimes, by repetitive rituals.

The 2.4 million Americans who suffer from panic disorder have uncontrollable panic responses to ordinary, non-threatening situations more than four times in a four-week period. Anxiety disorder and panic disorder are not, the result of fears that need to be faced, and efforts to encourage or force a person with anxiety disorder or panic disorder to confront their irrational or panic responses are more harmful than helpful.

There are effective medicines that can help, although they do not cure the illness. Helpful persons need to be supportive while a person works with a physician to find the appropriate combination of medicines.

Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is a combination of excessive highs, or periods of mania, followed by dramatic lows, or plunges of depression. In any given year, 2.2 million Americans suffer bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is not an extreme case of the mood fluctuation experienced by everyone. The person with bipolar disorder is often incapacitated by the rapid cycling or by the lengthy periods of either mania or depression.
Persons with bipolar disorder can be effectively treated with a number of medications, but must often adjust medicines frequently. Persons who want to help a victim of bipolar disorder can learn to recognize the early manifestations of cycling from one aspect of the illness to the other and insure timely intervention.

Depressive Illness


Major (or clinical) depression involves periodic disturbances in mood, concentration, sleep, activity, appetite, sexual desire, and social behavior. If left untreated, it can lead to suicide. However, between 80 and 90 percent of those suffering from major depression can be effectively treated. Major depression strikes 9.3 million Americans of all ages in any given year.

Depression is one of the most misunderstood of the mental illnesses partly because all of us have days when we are discouraged, feel blue, are unmotivated, or are feeling sorry for ourselves. Clinical depression is different. A person who is clinically depressed does not have other days that are filled with hope, encouragement, or the ability to be up doing and enjoying life’s normal activities.

Persons with depression cannot be cheered up with well-meaning clichés or expected to buck up by appeals to responsibility Depression is not self-pity. Persons who wish to help can-do so by being aware of the severity of this illness and its life-threatening nature. Medical help is essential to treat depression. Friends and family may need to make the decision to seek professional help in a crisis, including emergency medical intervention if the person is contemplating suicide, especially if the person talks about suicide or has worked out a plan for committing suicide.

It is helpful for friends to encourage the person to take the prescribed medications and to communicate side effects and the effectiveness of medicines to the person’s doctor.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Obsessions are intrusive, irrational thoughts and unwanted ideas or impulses. Compulsions are repetitive rituals a victim feels he or she must do to prevent something bad from happening. OCD strikes 3.9 million Americans in any given year.

People with OCD are not neurotic. Often the person has little or no control over when these thoughts arise and no means of stopping them once they start. Persons with OCD need others to help them through a period of OCD by helping them avoid letting their obsessions or compulsions force them to do something unsafe or unwise.

Schizophrenia


At any given time, two million Americans are suffering from this biological disorder that impairs a person’s ability to think clearly, manage emotions, make decisions, and relate to others. People with schizophrenia often experience strong delusions and auditory, visual, olfactory, taste, or tactile hallucinations. The person may not be able to distinguish between objective experiences and those that arise spontaneously from within the brain.

Contrary to popular impression (and TV news coverage), persons with schizophrenia are far more likely to be the victims of crime than to perform criminal activities; nor is schizophrenia the same as “split personality” or (multiple personality disorder.”

Schizophrenia is a life-threatening illness because sufferers are often unable to make decisions to avoid dangerous situations or to resist the hallucinations and delusions demanding self-harm or suicide.

Paranoid Schizophrenia is a particular type of schizophrenia in which the person
Experiences other people, even people they love, as threatening and hostile. The person with paranoid schizophrenia often perceives other person’s comments and conversation to be directed toward making fun of or doing harm to him or her. Persons with paranoid schizophrenia often think that governmental or other organizations (the CIA, the United Nations, the church) are hunting them down to do them harm.

There are medicines that minimize the symptoms of schizophrenia. Often these medications have life-threatening or extreme side effects so that some persons decide not to take them. Caring individuals may need to help a person comply with prescribed medications, help the person with the activities of daily living, and cope with the poverty and loneliness caused by the illness and the discrimination which results from it.

 

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